Petroleum is a vital source of energy around the world. As the need for oil rises, so will the amount of petrochemical effluent produced, which will have a higher environmental impact. Treatment of petrochemical effluent effectively is a requirement for current industrial development. One of the most pressing issues facing petrochemical companies is the appropriate treatment of petrochemical wastewater. It is necessary to examine the features of petrochemical wastewater in order to effectively increase the efficiency of petrochemical wastewater treatment.
On this premise, effective technology for improving the treatment effect of petrochemical wastewater should be introduced, allowing petrochemical wastewater to meet effluent standards while minimising wastewater impact.
How to treat effluent waste water in petroleum sector?
Physical, chemical, and biological approaches are the three main areas of petrochemical wastewater treatment technologies. Physical technique refers to the treatment technology of assessing the water in suspended substances through physical and mechanical action, which is typically used to remove floating substances in wastewater but may also remove sand, suspended solids (SS), oil, and other contaminants.
1. Physical procedures are very straightforward, but removing dissolved chemicals from petrochemical wastes is complicated.
2. Chemical technique refers to a chemical reaction that changes the function of a substance in order to efficiently treat colloidal and soluble substances in sewage.
3. The primary goal of biological treatment is to use microbial metabolism to breakdown organic materials in wastewater.
Following are the stages
1: Membrane Bioreactor: A membrane module and a bioreactor are commonly included in an MBR device. It effectively leverages the filtering impact of microporous biofilm and the biochemical effect of high concentration microorganism in the bioreactor. The wastewater is forced through the membrane by the pressure difference, which keeps the microorganism in the bioreactor. It can reduce pollutant factors by recycling treatment, allowing for the purification of wastewater. The MBR method combines a bioreactor with a high sludge concentration with a membrane module that has a high interception efficiency. For the organics in the wastewater, the activated sludge in the bioreactor has a high adsorption and oxidation capacity.
2: Activated Sludge:The activated sludge process is a type of aerobic biological sewage treatment. It can remove biological organics that are soluble and colloidal, SS and other compounds that can be adsorbed by activated sludge, as well as a portion of phosphorus and nitrogen.
It's a catch-all name for a variety of biological wastewater treatment technologies for suspended microorganisms.
The basic principle of the activated sludge process is as follows:
-In the first stage, the activated sludge particles accumulate the organic pollutants in the sewage on the surface of the microbial micelles, which is due to the large surface area of the microbial micelles and the polysaccharide viscous substances. At the same time, under the influence of a bacterial extracellular enzyme, some macromolecular organics are degraded into small molecular organics.
-In the second stage, aerobic bacteria take these organics, oxidise and breakdown them to generate CO2 and water, and some of them provide energy for their own reproduction when there is enough oxygen. The excess organics in the wastewater, on the other hand, are eliminated by the reaction due to the oxidation reaction's consumption of organics. Activated sludge can build and purify sewage by consuming organic particles in the waste stream.
3: Membrane separation:Membrane separation is a method for separating, purifying, and concentrating distinct components in a feed solution using a membrane. The MBR's high-efficiency membrane interception increases the concentration of activated sludge in the bioreactor and microorganisms' right to eliminate contaminants. MBR allows for distinct management of sludge residence time (SRT) and sludge residence time (HRT), as well as simultaneous interception of microbial and macromolecular contaminants by membrane, allowing for more flexibility in sludge selection than in traditional activated sludge processes.
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